Yep. I was exactly the same as her. Once you apply for a greencard, you pretty much can't leave until it's approved and because they take so long to process, it means that most people are stuck in the US waiting for a long time (I waited three years). They do issue you with something called "advanced parole" when you apply for a greencard, which technically allows you to travel, but even getting that document can take up to a year and most lawyers advise against traveling on it because it doesn't guarantee you'll be allowed back in to the US so most people don't take the risk. It's such an awful system tbh. Delighted she's come though it, I know I was just as thrilled to come out the other side.
Yes! and just to add often times during this time while you’re waiting, your existing visa has expired/will expire but you’re legally allowed to remain in the country because you have an application in progress, the difficulty then being that because you don’t have a valid visa during this time, you can’t re-enter if you leave the country.
As mentioned there is advance parole that gives you permission to leave and re-enter but it can take time to get and so much time and effort has already gone into the process that you don’t want to do anything that might rock the boat - say for example, they don’t process the advance parole properly and it’s not valid. Stuff like that which after you come through the process you realise is illogical thinking but given that a misspelling on these visa forms can mess things up, it’s best to stay put ( do I sound like I’ve been through the ringer with this?!
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Anyways - During this time, you’re literally praying that no one close to you dies or gets sick, that’s the reality or well was for me.
Not sure what it’s like where you’re (original poster) headed but the US is particularly difficult/inflexible with this stuff.