No fines. If you have so many unexcused absences, you don't move on to the next grade. Excused absences are sickness/injuries/family emergencies. Vacations are unexcused. In Middle/High school, typically if your absence is not excused, you cannot make up the work. So, if you miss an assignment, you get a 0. I think 15 absences labels a student as a truant and then DCFS or whatever agency investigates the family.
But I'll be honest--we used to take days off from school, even in high school to go to Disney or whatever and I'd call them in sick. If it's less than 3 days out, you don't need a doctor's note. We didn't do it too often, but we did it enough.