The risks with the lamp exposure is a personal risk tolerance everyone will have to decide for themselves but re allergies etc - some of these articles are very poor IMO. I've seen several blame 'at home' kits for the allergies. This might be the case if people are doing their nails at home and they're curing gel products onto their skin, gel should never be cured touching your skin at all.
But the big risk with developing allergies is undercured gel. These articles are saying bizarre things like 'leave it to the professionals'. I can't even tell you how many 'professionals' I've been to who mix and match their gel products and lamps! Someone I know who does nails and actually has a nail training academy will frequently use base and top coat from brand A, colour from brand B, with a lamp from brand C. This is just asking for trouble and it's definitely not only people at home who are doing that! Professionals should be using all gel products AND lamp from the same brand. That is the only way to know for certain that the brand has tested their products with that particular lamp and they're certain the products are curing. Another thing is how old the lamp is. Older lamps are not going to cure as effectively and each brand sets out how long their lamps should last before being replaced. So if you're going to keep going to a salon I would say check they use the same brand for all products and lamp, have a look at how old their lamps look, and also check if they're storing their tools in barbicide.
I've seen several articles recommend getting dip instead of gel and this just made me laugh out loud. Dip must be the most unhygienic product going, it's not just a brush from a bottle going onto your nail bed, you're sticking your whole finger into a pot of powder where countless other people have also stuck their fingers. Who knows whether those people wash their hands and what they've got under their fingernails? Also, a lot of cheap dip and acrylic products contain HEMA which often causes allergies and irritation - I actually wonder whether these articles are referring to HEMA allergies when they say 'people are developing allergies' because many gel products are now HEMA free. So the suggestion that getting dip is preferable at all to getting gel makes me seriously doubt the research that went into these articles.